International & World News – 31 August 2025

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✈ INTERNATIONAL NEWS
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1. Prime Minister Modi concluded his two-day visit to Japan. After attending the 15th India-Japan Annual Summit.

2. India and Japan announced a 10-year Joint Vision, a Security Cooperation Declaration, and an Action Plan for Human Resource Exchange targeting 500,000 personnel movements.
New agreements were signed on clean energy (hydrogen, ammonia), critical minerals, AI collaboration, space (Chandrayaan-5), digital innovation, environment, and wastewater management.

3. PM Modi has reached Tianjin in China on the second leg of his two nation visit. The Prime Minister will participate in the 25th Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization beginning today.

4. PM Modi held a telephonic conversation with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. During the call, President Zelenskyy shared his perspective on the recent developments related to Ukraine.

5. The UN Security Council has decided to end the peacekeeping operations in Lebanon, in which nearly one thousand Indian troops are deployed.
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🌎 WORLD NEWS 🌍
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1. Nepal observes four-day-long Maha Gaura festival. This is a four-day festival which will conclude on Sunday. Gaura Parva celebration takes place in the Sudurpaschim Province of Nepal as well as in some parts of Karnali Province and the crossborder Kumaon region of the Indian state Uttarakhand.

2. Thailand’s cabinet has appointed Deputy Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai as acting prime minister following a Constitutional Court ruling that removed Paetongtarn Shinawatra from office.

3. Russia launched a large-scale attack on Ukraine overnight, killing one person, injuring at least 24 others, and damaging infrastructure and residential buildings.

4. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky dismissed the proposed 40 kilometers buffer zone between Russian and Ukrainian forces as unrealistic and a de facto surrender of territory. European leaders introduced the idea as part of a broader peace plan, aiming to de-escalate the conflict.

5. British government has prohibited Israeli officials from attending a major arms fair in London next month, amid rising tensions between the two allies over Gaza war. The Ministry of Defence in a statement said, that no Israeli government delegation will be invited to attend DSEI UK 2025.

6. Sri Lanka: Inflation rises to 1.2% after 11-month deficit.

7. The United States has said that it will not allow Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas to travel to New York next month for a United Nations General Assembly session, where several US allies are set to recognize Palestine as a state.

8. In US, a federal appeals court has struck down several reciprocal tariffs imposed by US President Donald Trump, saying he unlawfully leaned on emergency powers to impose the import taxes. The court observed International Emergency Economic Powers Act does not authorise tariffs like the ones President Trump used the law for earlier this year.

9. The Myanmar military government declared the Karen National Union (KNU) a terrorist organisation in August 2025. This move criminalises nearly all activities linked to the KNU, including contact by third parties.

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